The Bioinformatics Software & Database Directory
Select the optimal computational tool for your exact biological research question. Explore rigorously vetted command-line aligners, variant callers, single-cell toolkits, structural AI engines, and foundational omics databases with CPU/RAM hardware profiling, input/output specifications, and one-click Conda/Docker install commands.
Figure 1.0: End-to-End Bioinformatics Software Hierarchy & Analytical Execution Flow
Bioinformatic workflows operate across 6 specialized software layers: starting from high-throughput biological instrumentation, transitioning through quality control and alignment, into specialized secondary statistical modeling, and terminating in containerized cloud execution and public knowledge archiving.
fastp
Docs ↗Ultra-fast all-in-one FASTQ preprocessor. Automatic adapter detection, quality trimming, polyG tail removal (NextSeq/NovaSeq), and HTML/JSON report generation.
conda install -c bioconda fastp
FastQC
Docs ↗Universal quality control tool for high-throughput sequencing data. Evaluates per-base Phred scores, GC bias, k-mer overrepresentation, and adapter contamination.
conda install -c bioconda fastqc
MultiQC
Docs ↗Modular reporting tool that searches directories for analysis logs from 140+ bioinformatics tools and compiles them into a unified interactive HTML dashboard.
pip install multiqc
Trimmomatic
Docs ↗Flexible read trimming tool designed for Illumina paired-end and single-end data. Features sliding-window Phred quality filtering and palindrome adapter clipping.
conda install -c bioconda trimmomatic
Cutadapt
Docs ↗Finds and removes adapter sequences, primers, poly-A tails, and error-prone sequencing ends. Crucial for small RNA-seq, ChIP-seq, and amplicon protocols.
conda install -c bioconda cutadapt
NanoPlot
Docs ↗Plotting tool for Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) and PacBio sequencing data. Generates read length vs average quality heatmaps and dynamic HTML summaries.
conda install -c bioconda nanoplot
FastQ Screen
Docs ↗Screens FASTQ sequence libraries against a multi-genome panel (Human, Mouse, E. coli, Yeast, Adapter, Vector, rRNA) to identify contamination and cross-hybridization.
conda install -c bioconda fastq-screen
BWA-MEM2
Docs ↗SIMD hardware-accelerated rewrite of BWA-MEM. Employs 8-way and 16-way vectorization to align short DNA reads 2x faster to human reference genomes (GRCh38/T2T).
conda install -c bioconda bwa-mem2
Minimap2
Docs ↗Fast pairwise aligner for PacBio HiFi, Oxford Nanopore, spliced direct RNA, and full-genome assembly synteny. Industry standard for third-generation sequencing.
conda install -c bioconda minimap2
STAR
Docs ↗Ultrafast universal spliced RNA-seq aligner based on sequential Maximum Mappable Prefix matching. High sensitivity for non-canonical splice junctions and chimeric gene fusions.
conda install -c bioconda star
Bowtie 2
Docs ↗Memory-efficient Burrows-Wheeler transform tool for aligning sequencing reads to long reference genomes. Ideal for ChIP-seq, ATAC-seq, and bacterial assemblies.
conda install -c bioconda bowtie2
HISAT2
Docs ↗Hierarchical Graph FM index aligner capable of mapping RNA-seq reads across population-scale variant graphs, reducing reference allele alignment bias.
conda install -c bioconda hisat2
Salmon
Docs ↗Ultra-fast transcript abundance quantification from RNA-seq reads using quasi-mapping with GC-bias, sequence-specific bias, and fragment-length correction.
conda install -c bioconda salmon
kallisto
Docs ↗Near-instantaneous pseudoalignment algorithm for quantifying transcript abundances from RNA-Seq reads by matching k-mers to colored de Bruijn graph paths without base-to-base alignment.
conda install -c bioconda kallisto
vg / Giraffe
Docs ↗Haplotype-aware pangenome read aligner. Maps sequencing reads to variation graphs as fast as linear aligners, eliminating reference bias and uncovering structural alleles.
conda install -c bioconda vg
hifiasm
Docs ↗Haplotype-resolved de novo genome assembler designed for PacBio HiFi reads. Produces fully phased maternal and paternal haplotype assemblies with ultra-low error rates.
conda install -c bioconda hifiasm
Flye
Docs ↗Fast and robust de novo assembler for single-molecule long reads (ONT and PacBio). Builds repeat graphs from error-prone reads without preliminary error correction.
conda install -c bioconda flye
SPAdes
Docs ↗Versatile de novo assembler for bacterial, fungal, viral, single-cell MDA, and metagenomic short reads using iterative multi-sized de Bruijn graphs.
conda install -c bioconda spades
MEGAHIT
Docs ↗Ultra-fast, ultra-low memory de novo assembler for large-scale metagenomic data (soil, ocean, gut). Capable of assembling terabytes of sequencing reads on a single server.
conda install -c bioconda megahit
Shasta
Docs ↗Nanopore de novo long-read assembler designed to produce a human genome assembly in hours using marker k-mers and Linux shared memory POSIX primitives.
conda install -c bioconda shasta
RagTag
Docs ↗Tool for reference-guided scaffolding, assembly improvement, and structural variant discovery. Orders and orients draft contigs against high-quality reference genomes.
conda install -c bioconda ragtag
Bandage
Docs ↗Bioinformatics Application for Navigating De novo Assembly Graphs Easily. Visualizes GFA/FASTG contig connection paths, repeat bridges, and blast hits interactively.
conda install -c bioconda bandage
GATK4
Docs ↗Gold-standard genome analysis toolkit for germline (HaplotypeCaller) and somatic (Mutect2) variant discovery, Base Quality Score Recalibration (BQSR), and VQSR.
conda install -c bioconda gatk4
DeepVariant
Docs ↗Deep convolutional neural network that calls genetic variants by transforming aligned BAM reads into multi-channel pileup images. Achieves precision scores >99.9%.
docker pull google/deepvariant:latest
bcftools
Docs ↗Blazing-fast utility suite for calling, filtering, sorting, merging, and querying VCF/BCF variant call format files. Includes mpileup genotype caller and consensus builder.
conda install -c bioconda bcftools
FreeBayes
Docs ↗Bayesian genetic variant detector designed to find SNPs, indels, MNPs, and complex haplotypes smaller than sequencing read length directly from short read alignments.
conda install -c bioconda freebayes
Sniffles2
Docs ↗Fast and accurate structural variant caller for long reads (PacBio HiFi and Oxford Nanopore). Calls deletions, duplications, inversions, and translocations with multi-sample genotype calling.
conda install -c bioconda sniffles
Manta
Docs ↗Somatic and germline structural variant and indel caller for paired-end short reads. Combines discordant paired-end alignment evidence with split-read graph assembly.
conda install -c bioconda manta
Ensembl VEP
Docs ↗Determines the clinical consequence of genomic variants in coding and non-coding regions. Annotates SIFT, PolyPhen, gnomAD allele frequencies, ClinVar, and splice sites.
conda install -c bioconda ensembl-vep
SnpEff & SnpSift
Docs ↗Rapid genomic variant annotation and functional effect prediction toolbox. Calculates consequence categories (missense, nonsense, frameshift) and filters multi-sample VCFs.
conda install -c bioconda snpeff
Delly
Docs ↗Integrated structural variant discovery tool utilizing paired-end discordant mapping and split-read clipping to resolve somatic and germline SV breakpoints at base-pair precision.
conda install -c bioconda delly
DESeq2
Docs ↗Gold-standard package for differential gene expression analysis of RNA-seq read counts using negative binomial generalized linear models and empirical Bayes dispersion shrinkage.
R -e 'BiocManager::install("DESeq2")'
edgeR
Docs ↗Differential expression analysis for RNA-seq, ChIP-seq, and CITE-seq count data using overdispersed Poisson and negative binomial generalized linear models with quasi-likelihood F-tests.
R -e 'BiocManager::install("edgeR")'
limma-voom
Docs ↗Transforms RNA-seq count data into log2-CPM with precision weights based on the observed mean-variance relationship, enabling standard linear modeling and complex multi-factor designs.
R -e 'BiocManager::install("limma")'
StringTie
Docs ↗Highly efficient transcript assembler and abundance estimator for RNA-seq. Uses maximum flow network algorithms to assemble complex spliced isoforms simultaneously.
conda install -c bioconda stringtie
rMATS
Docs ↗Statistical detection of differential alternative splicing events: skipped exons (SE), alternative 5'/3' splice sites (A5SS/A3SS), mutually exclusive exons (MXE), and retained introns (RI).
conda install -c bioconda rmats
Sleuth
Docs ↗Statistical model for differential analysis of RNA-Seq that directly incorporates inferential variance (bootstrap uncertainty) calculated during kallisto pseudoalignment.
R -e 'install.packages("sleuth")'
Seurat v5
Docs ↗Industry leading R toolkit for single-cell genomics, featuring sketch-based million-cell analysis, bridge integration across modalities (RNA + ATAC), and spatial transcriptomics.
R -e 'install.packages("Seurat")'
Scanpy
Docs ↗Scalable toolkit for analyzing single-cell gene expression data. Integrates preprocessing, Leiden graph clustering, diffusion pseudotime trajectories, and GPU RAPIDS acceleration.
pip install scanpy
scVI-tools
Docs ↗Deep probabilistic modeling framework for single-cell omics (scVI, totalVI, scArches, DestVI). Uses Variational Autoencoders for zero-shot batch integration and spatial deconvolution.
pip install scvi-tools
Cell Ranger
Docs ↗Official analysis pipelines for Chromium single-cell RNA, V(D)J, ATAC, and Feature Barcode libraries. Demultiplexes BCLs, aligns reads, generates cell-barcode matrices, and produces web summaries.
curl -O https://cf.10xgenomics.com/releases/cell-exp/cellranger-8.0.tar.gz
Harmony
Docs ↗Fast, sensitive algorithm for integrating single-cell transcriptomes across multiple donors, technologies, and tissues. Projects cells into a shared low-dimensional embedding iteratively.
R -e 'install.packages("harmony")'
CellChat
Docs ↗Infers, visualizes, and analyzes intercellular communications from single-cell transcriptomics data using curated ligand-receptor pairs (integrating soluble agonists and co-factors).
R -e 'devtools::install_github("jinworks/CellChat")'
Squidpy
Docs ↗Combines spatial molecular data with high-resolution microscopy images. Analyzes spatial neighborhood graphs, co-occurrence scores, ligand-receptor spatial colocalization, and image features.
pip install squidpy
MaxQuant
Docs ↗Comprehensive proteomics software package for high-resolution mass spectrometry. Features Andromeda peptide search, label-free quantification (MaxLFQ), SILAC, and TMT multiplexing.
conda install -c bioconda maxquant
DIA-NN
Docs ↗Universal deep learning software for Data-Independent Acquisition (DIA) and high-throughput proteomics. Performs spectral library-free DIA processing with exceptional speed and depth.
conda install -c bioconda dia-nn
MSFragger / FragPipe
Docs ↗Ultrafast peptide identification search engine based on fragment-ion indexing. Enables unconstrained open mass searches to discover hundreds of unknown post-translational modifications (PTMs).
conda install -c bioconda msfragger
Skyline
Docs ↗Premier open-source document-oriented application for building Selected Reaction Monitoring (SRM / MRM), PRM, and DIA quantitative methods and analyzing resulting chromatographic traces.
msiexec /i SkylineInstaller.msi
AlphaPept
Docs ↗Open-source Python mass spectrometry framework developed for modern hardware, high-throughput pipelines, and transparent cloud deployment. Precompiled JIT matching with HDF5 tables.
pip install alphapept
OpenMS
Docs ↗Open-source C++ library and workflow tool for LC-MS mass spectrometry data management and quantification algorithms. Native integration into KNIME, Nextflow, and Python.
conda install -c bioconda openms
MZmine 3
Docs ↗Modern framework for untargeted LC-MS and GC-MS data processing. Features automated peak picking (ADAP), retention time alignment, isotope pattern grouping, and GNPS spectral export.
conda install -c bioconda mzmine3
XCMS
Docs ↗Foundational mass spectrometry metabolomics framework. Performs centWave peak picking, non-linear retention time alignment (obiwarp), feature grouping, and CAMERA adduct annotation.
R -e 'BiocManager::install("xcms")'
MS-DIAL
Docs ↗Universal data processing software for untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics. Supports Data-Independent Acquisition (DIA/SWATH), DDA, and Ion Mobility MS with lipid blast libraries.
dotnet run MSDIAL
MetaboAnalystR
Docs ↗Statistical and pathway analysis suite for metabolomics. Conducts normalization, PCA/PLS-DA, biomarker ROC curve modeling, MSEA pathway enrichment, and multi-omics integration.
R -e 'devtools::install_github("xia-lab/MetaboAnalystR")'
SIRIUS 5
Docs ↗De novo identification of metabolites and molecular structures from tandem MS/MS. Integrates CSI:FingerID for database search, CANOPUS for chemical class prediction, and fragmentation trees.
conda install -c bioconda sirius-ms
GNPS
Docs ↗Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking platform for community-wide sharing, clustering, and dereplication of untargeted tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) datasets.
pip install gnps-downloader
MACS3
Docs ↗Model-based Analysis of ChIP-Seq and ATAC-Seq data. Dynamically estimates local Poisson backgrounds to call narrow transcription factor binding sites and broad histone marks.
conda install -c bioconda macs3
deepTools
Docs ↗User-friendly suite for deep-sequencing data exploration. Generates normalized BigWig coverage files (RPGC/1x, RPKM), computes matrix heatmaps across TSS regions, and QC fingerprint plots.
conda install -c bioconda deeptools
Bismark
Docs ↗Maps bisulfite-treated sequencing reads (WGBS, RRBS) to reference genomes and determines cytosine methylation context (CpG, CHG, CHH) with base-resolution methylation call extractors.
conda install -c bioconda bismark
ChromHMM
Docs ↗Integrates multi-histone mark ChIP-seq data to learn de novo chromatin states (active promoters, strong enhancers, Polycomb repression, heterochromatin) via Hidden Markov Models.
conda install -c bioconda chromhmm
MethylDackel
Docs ↗Blazing-fast methylation extractor for bisulfite sequencing BAM files. Generates per-base CpG, CHG, and CHH methylation percentage bedGraph and bigWig files in minutes.
conda install -c bioconda methyldackel
Cooler
Docs ↗Standard package for storing, querying, and manipulating 2D genomic contact matrices (Hi-C, Micro-C, GAM). Efficient multi-resolution zoomify trees for high-res chromatin folding maps.
pip install cooler
Kraken 2 & Bracken
Docs ↗Ultrafast taxonomic sequence classification using exact k-mer matching and Lowest Common Ancestor (LCA) algorithms. Bracken adds Bayesian abundance re-estimation at species/genus rank.
conda install -c bioconda kraken2 bracken
DADA2
Docs ↗High-resolution sample inference from 16S/18S/ITS amplicon sequencing data. Replaces arbitrary 97% OTU clustering with exact Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) resolving single-nucleotide differences.
R -e 'BiocManager::install("dada2")'
QIIME 2
Docs ↗Next-generation microbiome bioinformatics platform with integrated provenance tracking, plugin ecosystem (q2-diversity, q2-feature-classifier), and interactive visualization artifacts (.qzv).
conda install -c qiime2 qiime2
CheckM 2
Docs ↗Rapid machine learning assessment of genome quality for metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) and isolate genomes, predicting completeness and contamination independent of marker lineage.
conda install -c bioconda checkm2
MetaBAT 2
Docs ↗Metagenome binning software that groups assembled contigs into candidate microbial genomes using tetranucleotide frequency (TNF) and multi-sample abundance coverage correlations.
conda install -c bioconda metabat2
HUMAnN 3
Docs ↗Tiered metabolic profiler that quantifies gene families (UniRef) and metabolic pathways (MetaCyc) from metagenomic and metatranscriptomic shotgun sequencing reads.
conda install -c biobakery humann
IQ-TREE 2
Docs ↗Efficient and versatile phylogenomic software with ultrafast bootstrap approximation (UFBoot2), automated substitution model selection (ModelFinder), and ancestral state reconstruction.
conda install -c bioconda iqtree
RAxML-NG
Docs ↗Fast and scalable maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree inference tool designed for massive phylogenomic datasets, handling thousands of concatenated genes across hundreds of taxa.
conda install -c bioconda raxml-ng
OrthoFinder
Docs ↗High-accuracy comparative genomics platform for orthogroup inference, gene duplication event dating, gene tree-species tree reconciliation, and rooted species tree estimation.
conda install -c bioconda orthofinder
BEAST 2
Docs ↗Bayesian evolutionary analysis sampling trees using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). Estimates rooted time-measured phylogenies, strict and relaxed molecular clock rates, and demographic history.
conda install -c bioconda beast2
FastTree
Docs ↗Infers approximately-maximum-likelihood phylogenetic trees from huge alignments of nucleotide or protein sequences (up to millions of taxa) in minutes rather than days.
conda install -c bioconda fasttree
ggtree & treeio
Docs ↗Grammar of graphics framework for visualizing and annotating phylogenetic trees with complex genomic data, trait matrices, multiple sequence alignments, and ancestral node states.
R -e 'BiocManager::install("ggtree")'
AlphaFold 3
Docs ↗Revolutionary generative diffusion model that predicts 3D structures and interactions of all biological molecules — proteins, DNA, RNA, ligands, ions, and chemical modifications with atomic precision.
git clone https://github.com/google-deepmind/alphafold3
ESMFold
Docs ↗Large protein language model (ESM-2) capable of predicting atomic-resolution 3D structures directly from single sequence in seconds, completely bypassing evolutionary MSA generation.
pip install fair-esm
RFdiffusion
Docs ↗State-of-the-art generative diffusion model for de novo protein design. Scaffolds functional binder interfaces, symmetric oligomers, and enzyme catalytic sites from scratch.
git clone https://github.com/RosettaCommons/RFdiffusion
PyMOL
Docs ↗Industry gold standard for 3D molecular visualization, ray-traced rendering, structural alignment, electrostatic surface potential calculation, and publication-quality figure generation.
conda install -c conda-forge pymol-open-source
AutoDock Vina
Docs ↗High-throughput molecular docking and virtual screening program with empirical scoring functions, flexible ligand sidechains, and macrocycle support for drug discovery campaigns.
conda install -c bioconda autodock-vina
GROMACS
Docs ↗Extreme-performance molecular dynamics simulation package. Simulates conformational changes, binding kinetics, lipid bilayers, and free-energy perturbation with GPU-accelerated PME.
conda install -c bioconda gromacs
UCSF ChimeraX
Docs ↗Next-generation molecular visualization software. Excels at high-resolution cryo-EM density maps, AlphaFold confidence coloration, VR display, and multi-gigabyte macromolecular assemblies.
flatpak install chimerax
Nextflow DSL2
Docs ↗Dataflow programming framework for scalable, portable, and reproducible computational workflows. First-class support for Docker, Singularity, Conda, SLURM, AWS Batch, and Google Cloud.
curl -s https://get.nextflow.io | bash
Snakemake
Docs ↗Python-based workflow management engine. Uses intuitive rule definitions with automatic file dependency resolution, automatic Conda environment creation, and execution on HPC clusters and Kubernetes.
conda install -c bioconda snakemake
Apptainer (Singularity)
Docs ↗Container platform optimized for high-performance computing (HPC) clusters. Executes Docker containers as an unprivileged user without root daemons or security escalations.
conda install -c conda-forge apptainer
nf-core
Docs ↗Community effort creating a curated peer-reviewed set of production pipelines (rnaseq, sarek, viralrecon, ampliseq, mag, chipseq). Built-in testing, CI/CD, and multi-cloud readiness.
pip install nf-core
Cromwell & WDL
Docs ↗Execution engine tailored for large-scale genomics workflows written in Workflow Description Language (WDL). Powers Terra.bio and production GATK best practice pipelines.
conda install -c bioconda cromwell
Docker
Docs ↗Industry-standard containerization platform that bundles software libraries, binaries, and dependencies into portable images, ensuring 100% reproducible computational biology execution.
curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com | sh
UniProt (Swiss-Prot / TrEMBL)
Docs ↗The world's premier protein resource. Swiss-Prot provides manually curated, peer-reviewed expert functional annotations; TrEMBL provides computationally analyzed translations.
curl -s "https://rest.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P04637.json"
Ensembl Genome Browser
Docs ↗Comprehensive genome information system for vertebrate and model organism genomes. Provides high-quality GENCODE gene models, regulatory features, variation databases, and REST endpoints.
curl -s "https://rest.ensembl.org/lookup/symbol/homo_sapiens/BRCA1"
NCBI SRA / Entrez
Docs ↗The primary public archive for high-throughput sequencing data, hosting petabytes of raw NGS reads from global biomedical and environmental sequencing projects.
conda install -c bioconda sra-tools
RCSB Protein Data Bank (PDB)
Docs ↗The single worldwide archive of experimentally determined 3D structures of biological macromolecules (X-ray crystallography, Cryo-EM, NMR). Houses >220,000 atomic coordinate models.
curl -s "https://data.rcsb.org/rest/v1/core/entry/4HHB"
gnomAD
Docs ↗Genome Aggregation Database spanning >800,000 diverse exomes and genomes to calculate human population allele frequencies, loss-of-function intolerance (pLI, LOEUF), and structural variants.
curl -X POST -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d '{"query":"{ gene(gene_symbol: \"BRCA1\") { gene_id } }"}' https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/api
ClinVar
Docs ↗Publicly accessible archive of reports of relationships between human genetic variations and phenotypes, with supporting evidence, ACMG/AMP star classifications, and clinical significance.
wget https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/clinvar/vcf_GRCh38/clinvar.vcf.gz
HMDB (Human Metabolome Database)
Docs ↗Comprehensive open-access database detailing >220,000 small molecule metabolites found in human tissues, biofluids, and gut microbiomes, linked to chemical structures and disease pathways.
curl -s "https://hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0000001.xml" | head -n 20
PRIDE & ProteomeXchange
Docs ↗The PRIDE PRoteomics IDEntifications database is the world's leading repository for mass spectrometry-based proteomics data submissions, peptide/protein identifications, and raw MS files.
curl -s "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pride/ws/archive/v2/projects/PXD000001"
SAMtools / HTSlib
Docs ↗The essential foundational software library and command-line utilities for reading, writing, sorting, indexing, viewing, and calculating depth coverage across SAM, BAM, and CRAM alignment files.
conda install -c bioconda samtools htslib
bedtools
Docs ↗The Swiss-army knife for genomic interval arithmetic. Enables rapid intersection, merging, coverage calculation, subtracting, and windowing across BED, GFF, VCF, and BAM genome annotations.
conda install -c bioconda bedtools
Integrative Genomics Viewer (IGV)
Docs ↗High-performance interactive visualization tool for exploring diverse large-scale genomic datasets (BAM pileups, VCF mutations, BigWig ChIP peaks, gene annotations) in smooth real time.
conda install -c bioconda igv
featureCounts (Subread)
Docs ↗Blazing-fast read summarization program for counting mapped RNA-seq or genomic DNA reads to genomic features (exons, genes, promoters). Substantially faster than HTSeq-count.
conda install -c bioconda subread
DIAMOND
Docs ↗Sequence aligner for protein and translated DNA searches. 500 to 20,000 times faster than NCBI BLAST with comparable sensitivity, essential for large-scale metagenomic taxonomic binning.
conda install -c bioconda diamond
UCSC Genome Utilities
Docs ↗Essential suite of 100+ command-line tools for high-throughput genomics: wigToBigWig, bedToBigBed, liftOver (coordinate translation across genome assemblies), and twoBitToFa.
conda install -c bioconda ucsc-liftover ucsc-wigtobigwig
Bioinformatics Workstation & HPC Hardware Sizing Matrix
Different computational biology tasks exhibit starkly divergent hardware bottlenecks. Alignment algorithms (BWA-MEM2, STAR) are constrained by memory bus bandwidth and RAM footprint, de novo assemblers require massive shared memory, while structural AI engines (AlphaFold 3, RFdiffusion) require high-bandwidth GPU tensor VRAM.
| Compute Profile | Target Workloads | Recommended CPU | RAM Footprint | GPU Requirement | Fast Storage (Scratch) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Student / Analyst Laptop | DESeq2, edgeR, Seurat (<50k cells), FastQC, IGV, Python API queries | 8-16 Cores (Apple M-series or Intel Core i7/AMD Ryzen 7) | 16 - 32 GB RAM | Integrated / None required | 512 GB - 1 TB NVMe SSD |
| Genomics Pipeline Server | BWA-MEM2, STAR, GATK4, DeepVariant, Nextflow pipelines, Multi-sample RNA-seq | 16-32 Cores (AMD EPYC or Intel Xeon) | 64 - 128 GB DDR5 ECC | Optional (DeepVariant CUDA) | 2 - 4 TB PCIe Gen4 NVMe |
| De Novo Assembly / Metagenomics Node | hifiasm, Shasta, MEGAHIT, Kraken 2 (Standard DB), CheckM2, Flye | 32-64 Cores (Dual Socket EPYC) | 256 - 512 GB RAM (Shared) | None required | 8 - 16 TB RAID0 NVMe Scratch |
| Structural AI & Cryo-EM Rig | AlphaFold 3, RFdiffusion, ESMFold, GROMACS, ChimeraX, scVI-tools | 16-32 Cores (Fast Single-Thread + Multi) | 64 - 128 GB RAM | NVIDIA RTX 4090 (24GB) or A100/H100 (80GB) | 4 TB NVMe SSD (PDB & UniRef caching) |